BRIOWIN glass dephlegmator (Hempel nozzle)

A reflux condenser (reflux condenser, partial condenser) is a device that acts like a distillation column in a distiller, increasing the efficiency of the distillation process (separating liquid mixtures). This is a type of pre-cooler in which partial condensation of the steam leaving the apparatus occurs. The resulting phlegm (condensate with a higher concentration of a less volatile component relative to steam) is returned to the vessel with the boiling liquid. Non-condensed steam, enriched in the reflux condenser with a more volatile component (in other words, lower boiling), is discharged to the condenser in the form of a distillate.

The distillation apparatus with a reflux condenser and a settling tank additionally contains a settling tank, i.e. a bubble into which “heavy” fractions with a higher boiling point, condensed in the reflux condenser, flow. This is done to prevent these "bad" condensates from returning to the distillation flask.